Isolation and characterization of Stenotrophomonas asociated to maize (Zea Mays L.) rhizosphere
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Abstract
The inoculation of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in agricultural interest crops such as maize constitutes an economically and environmentally friendly alternative to chemical fertilization. Stenotrophomonas is a common bacterial genus in many soil types and rhizospheres of different crops, and presents mechanisms for growth promotion such as biological nitrogen fixation, mineral solubilization and phytohormones production. Consequently, the present work aimed to characterize and molecularly identify Stenotrophomonas strains from the maize rhizosphere. For this, an isolation was performed from rhizospheric and rhizoplane soil and colonies with cultural characteristics similar to those described for this genus were selected. The microscopic characteristics and the ability to perform the biological nitrogen fixation solubilize different phosphate and potassium sources and the antagonistic activity against Fusarium oxysporum were also taken into account. Molecular identification was performed by 16S rDNA sequencing. Twenty isolates with cultural, morphological and physiological characteristics coinciding with the genus in question were obtained. From these 15 solubilized at least one of the phosphate sources used, two solubilized the potassium sources and six showed antagonism against the pathogen. Seven isolates were identified as Stenotrophomonas and the rest were included in three genera, also belonging to the Proteobacteria phylum. The integral isolate in terms of positive attributes evaluated was INCA-FRr1 identified as Stenotrophomonas. This could be a promising inoculant for maize and other crops.
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