Phenological evaluation of Ilex paraguariensis as a basis for a green leaf predictive model
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Abstract
The objective of this work was to describe the vegetative phenology of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.) and the correlation with environmental variables: precipitation, relative humidity, PAR radiation, and gravimetric water, also photoperiod, mean, minimum and maximum temperatures. The work was carried out in a commercial orchard located in Gobernador Virasoro, Corrientes, Argentina (28° 02.48" S and 56° 00' 34" W, elevation 151 m a.s.l). Thermal requirements (degree days) and the relationship between a phenophase and each individual environmental variable were calculated using Spearman's correlation coefficient (rs). From 2015 and during 36 consecutive months, five vegetative phases were identified: swollen bud, incipient leaves, leaves attached at the apex, unfolded leaves and mature leaves. The presence of different sprouting rhythms was corroborated, with different intensities in spring, summer and autumn. The results conclude that thermal times vary according to the rhythms presented and stages of crop development.
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