Traditional method of storing cowpea grains and seeds for insect-pest control
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Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the efficiency of traditional method of storage of cowpea grains and seeds for the control of the Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabr.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). The storage method consists of packing grains and seeds, mixed with threshing residue, in hermetically sealed polyethylene bottles or barrels. In the experiment, four treatments were evaluated: (i.) Perforated flask containing grains, (ii.) Non-perforated flask containing grains, (iii.) Perforated flask containing a mixture of grains and threshing residues and (iv.) Non-perforated bottle containing a mixture of grains and threshing residues, the latter representing the traditional method (control). For each treatment, 4 replicates were used. For each pot, 20 adult individuals of the insect-pest were inserted. After induced infestation, the pots were stored in a place protected from rain and sun, simulating the reality of farmers' storage. At 35 and 70 days after the induced infestation, the following variables were counted for each pot: number of live insects, number of dead insects, number of holes caused by insects in the grains and percentage of grains attacked. The use of threshing residue was not efficient for the control. On the other hand, the absence of gas exchange in the pot decreased the multiplication of the insect pest, indicating the importance of using hermetic barrels ourvacuum packaging for storage and commercialization.
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