Salinity effect on the germination of grain cultivars under in vitro conditions
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Abstract
Soil salinization is currently one of the most serious problems facing agriculture, since it significantly affects food production s; for this reason, it is necessary to study cultivars tolerant to these conditions for their inclusion in the country’s production schemes. The study aimed to select different grain cultivars for their tolerance to salinity: chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.); common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.); cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.)Walp); wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and pea (Pisum sativum L.). The tolerance of 15 grain cultivars to different concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl) (50, 150 and 200 mM), was studied under in vitro conditions.For this purpose, the following were determined: the germination percentage (PG) and the germination speed index (IVG) of the seeds as described by the Maguire index. Of the crops studied the bean cultivars PRL-8, Caujerí-2170 and San Francisco-219, of cowpea INIFAT-93, INIFAT-94 and INIFAT- 202 and of wheat I-399 were selected by their tolerance to 200 mM of NaCl, by showing the best results in terms of germination percentage and germination speed index, which is why they constitute promising materials to be used in agroecosystems affected by this condition. All of them showed differences in the seed germination speed index.
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