Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus megatherium and FitoMas-E: an effective alternative for the reduction of the consumption of mineral fertilizers in Psidium guajava, L. var. Enana Roja cubana
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Abstract
«Batalla de Jobito» located in «El Salvador» municipality,
Guantánamo province during 2007-2009. Research objective
was define an alternative of nutritional management based on
the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), Azotobacter
chroococcum, Bacillus megatherium and FitoMas-E
phytostimulant, as a viable way to reduce mineral fertilization
in the crop of guava Enana Roja cubana unaffected yields. In
order to establish the experiments we worked with the
combination of 10 g.plant-1 of mycorrhizal (species: Glomus
intraradices) 2 L.ha-1 of AZOMEG [commercial product
consisting of Azotobacter chroococcum (2x1011 cfu x mL-1)
and Bacillus megatherium (3.2x1011 cfu x mL-1)] and 1 L.ha-1 of
FitoMas-E with the gradual reduction of mineral fertilizer of N
and P; using 100, 75, 50 and 25 % respectively. Outcome variable
were measured: plant height, leaf pairs, number of brindillas,
flowers and fruit, polar and equatorial diameter and mean fruit
weight. Moreover postharvest weight loss and yield were
calculated. Experimental results showed that the combination
of 75 % of the mineral fertilizer, with biofertilizers and FitoMas-E
was superior to other treatments studied in all evaluated
variables, this enabled the reduction of 25 % of mineral
fertilization and better economic response.
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