Presence of variability Ex Situ and In Situ in the cuban germplasm of maize (Zea mays L.). Importance of the complementation of both conservation approaches
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Abstract
objective of identifying and characterizing the races of maize,
from the morphological and agronomic point of view, keeping in
mind the strategy and status of conservation of the samples, as
well as to establish the dynamics of races in the time, and to
offer a working strategy for the evaluation and conservation of
the genetic pool of maize crop in Cuba. In order to do that, they
took the data of characterization of the ex situ collection,
integrated by 92 accessions of the Cuban National Genebank,
and 55 accessions evaluated in situ in two rural areas of Cuba.
In both conservation forms, 14 characters were evaluated (nine
continuous and five categorical ones) corresponding to the ear
and the grain. They were analyzed using the strategy in two
steps Modified Local WARD-method (MLM) with the statistical
package SAS 9.0. In the accessions corresponding to the Cuban
National Genebank, the Creole (Criollo) and Argentinean
(Argentino) races stand out, and in the study carried out in the
farms, races Tusón and Canilla were the most abundant. It was
also showed that races Amarillo Reventador and Sweet (Dulce)
were only present in the collection of the Cuban National
Genebank. The characterized diversity found in the ex situ
collection, is not entirety located in the in situ areas of the studied
households, and vice versa, what suggests that it is necessary
to collect in those areas, providing this way the enrichment of
the ex situ collection and on the other hand to guarantee the
conservation of the genetic pool of this crop in Cuba, through
both forms. These elements demonstrate the necessity of the
complementation in both conservation approaches
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