Bioproducts and NPK fertilization in beans grown on Eutric Nitisols soils
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Abstract
Beans are an important food in the Cuban diet and their production is limited by a deficient supply of nutrients, due to the difficult economic situation. Different bioproducts have been developed in the country that provide nutrients and/or increase the efficiency of nutrient utilization. This work was carried out to establish criteria for effectively managing bioproducts and their relationship with the required fertilizer doses. Five experiments were carried out in experimental areas of the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, with the cultivar CC-25-9N in Eutric Nitisols soils, from 2013 to 2016. Various combinations of the bioproducts EcoMic®, Fitomas-E®, Azofert-f®, Biobras-16®, Quitomax®, and Pectimorf® were studied in randomized blocks, from the application of two to six and various doses of NPK fertilizer. A beneficial response to the combined application of bioproducts was found, depending on the dose of fertilizer applied and the maximum yield obtained. For yield levels between 1.96 and 2.05 t ha-1, it was necessary to apply doses of 36-39-51 kg ha-1 which decreased to 36-26-34 for yields between 1.6 and 1.8 t ha-1. The application of Quitomax® and Biobras-16® together with EcoMic®, Fitomas-E®, and Azofert-f® was effective and increased yields (p≤0.1) compared to when only one of the two was added. The inclusion of Pectimorf® was not efficient. The combined application of the bioproducts EcoMic®, Fitomas-E®, Azofert-f®, Biobras-16®, and Quitomax® to beans was effective even in the presence of low NPK fertilizer doses.
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