Effect of population densities on diseases and the yield of Oryza sativa L.
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Abstract
Farmers in Cuba sow high doses of seeds to guarantee rice populations and therefore obtain better yields, however, this trend is counterproductive since production becomes more expensive due to seed costs, fertilizers, fungicides, insecticides and they are not always achieved the expected yields due to the inadequate development of plants and the high incidence of pests. Based on this problem, the objective of this work was to evaluate the interaction between four doses of cultivar LP-5 seed and the incidence and severity of fungal diseases on rice yield. For this, plots were made and sown with four doses of seeds (100, 120, 140, 160 kg ha-1). A randomized block design with five repetitions was carried out. In each of the variants, the incidence and severity of the main rice diseases were evaluated, and the theoretical yield and its components were also evaluated. Highest incidences and severity of diseases were observed when the highest doses of seeds were applied (160 and 140 kg ha-1), regardless of the disease and the evaluation time. It was found that it is not always that high planting densities lead to higher yields. As the seed dose increased, the distribution and incidence of diseases increased, fundamentally affecting the number of filled grains per panicle and the weight of one thousand grains. Highest yields were obtained at doses of 120 and 140 kg ha-1.
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