Estimation of the water footprint of beans grown under two irrigation variants and foliar applications of bioestimulants
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Abstract
The most food production comes from irrigated agriculture, which is therefore the largest consumer of water. As water scarcity increases, optimizing the efficiency of this resource is paramount for food production. The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important legume worldwide, especially in the tropics. Irrigation is essential to increase its yield, as it allows for the adequate supply of water at each stage of growth. On the other hand, water scarcity due to climate change is reducing water availability. The water footprint (WF) of a product is defined as the amount of water used throughout the entire production process. Particularly in agricultural products, the largest amount is used through irrigation during the growing stage; therefore, its quantification is important to raise public awareness of water use and the need to protect available water resources. The use of biostimulants in agriculture has increased, which is associated with their beneficial effects on plant growth, productivity, and protection. To estimate the water retention (WR) of beans grown under two irrigation conditions and with foliar applications of biostimulants, an experiment was conducted at INCA using the Tomeguín 93 cultivar. Irrigation and effective rainfall requirements were obtained using the CropWat 8 program. The results showed a beneficial effect of PectiMorf, both in increasing yield and in reducing total WR when the plants were grown with 50 % irrigation.
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