Review Notes on plant physiology under salinity stress conditions

Abstract

Some aspects about the physiology of plants cultivated under salinity stress, specifically the results that have been obtained at the national and international level related to growth and productivity, absorption and ion accumulation, water relations, photosynthesis, nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism, as well as plant respiration under such conditions are discussed in this paper. Two main research areas deserve more attention: how Na+ and Cl+ in mature leaves affect growth of new leaves and what membrane properties control the transport of these ions across the plasmalemma and tonoplasts, as well as its implication in the future advances of knowledge on plant response to salt stress. It is recommended to continue the efforts guided to achieve more progress in the understanding of physiological processes of plants cultivated under saline conditions, with the purpose of completing the agronomic methods of evaluation and selection of salt-tolerant varieties, to contribute to a better crop management in the salt-affected areas and in fact to increase their yields up to economically viable levels.