CHARACTERIZATION OF LOCAL BEAN AND MAIZE SEED SYSTEMS OF LA PALMA, PINAR DEL RÍO
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Abstract
Local maize and bean seed systems were characterized in �??El Tejar-La Jocuma�?� community, as part of a diagnostic stage from the participatory plant breeding program through farmers�??surveys. Farmers produce, exchange, select and conserve seeds by apparently maintaining and preserving diversity. They have little access to seeds derived from formal system, their primary seed source being exchanged with other farmers within the community. Most farmers have only one maize landrace, «criollo» cv, that has been selected and maintained by local farmers for many years. This variety produces moderate yields under low input conditions and shows resistance to the primary diseases and pests of maize in the area. In contrast, beans present high varietal diversity on farm, although there is a lack of resistant genes to diseases like rust, whose occurrence has exponentially increased in the last five years. Facilitating farmers continuous access to new varieties may be an important means to support the incorporation of disease resistant genes into the local seed system via gene flow.
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