Severity of Colletotrichum falcatum Went in sugarcane resistance patterns in Cuba
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Abstract
Red stem rot is a disease widely distributed worldwide and causes significant losses in sugarcane plantations. The objective of this study was to determine the severity of Colletotrichum falcatum in sugarcane resistance patterns and their stability against disease. Plots were established in the experimental block of the Sugarcane Research Institute located in Mayabeque from October 2014 to 2019 with the disease resistance patterns. Artificial inoculation of the fungus was carried out at 12 months of age in 25 randomly selected stems of each cultivar. The evaluation was carried out four months later. Simple classification analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's means comparison test (p < 0.05) were performed to compare the percentages of disease severity in the evaluated cultivars and years; as well as a simple linear regression to relate the percentages of disease severity with rainfall, maximum, minimum and average temperatures, as well as relative humidity (p < 0.01). The severity of the disease showed significant differences, with a wide contrast between highly resistant and highly susceptible varieties. The highest percentages of severity were reached in 2014, 2015, and 2018; however, these rates bear little relation to the values of the meteorological variables studied during this period. This time of year is confirmed as the most favorable time for inoculation with C. falcatum to evaluate its behavior against red rot.
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