Agronomic characteristics and productivity of bean (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) cultivar in Caazapá-Paraguay
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Abstract
Beans (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) are widely used in the diet of Paraguayan families, due to their high protein content. It is planted in crop rotation systems to take advantage of the capacity of its roots to fix atmospheric nitrogen, in accordance with agroecological practices. The aim of this work was to evaluate the agronomic yield of seven bean cultivars in the agroecological conditions of Caazapá, Paraguay. The experiment was established at the Experimental Field of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, National University of Asuncion, Caazapá Branch, Paraguay (26° 09ʹ 28ʺ South and 56° 21ʹ 00ʺ West). A randomized complete block experimental design with seven treatments and four replications was used. Treatments consisted of the bean cultivars Pytã'i (Colorado Chico), San Francisco'í (San Francisco Chico), San Francisco Guazú (San Francisco Grande), Moteado, Crema, Negrito and Tronquito. The following agronomic characteristics were evaluated: pod length, number of seeds per pod, 100-seed mass, podded grain yield, and dry grain yield and grain index. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means compared by Tukey's test at 5 % probability of error. The cultivars Crema, Pytã'i, San Francisco'í and Moteado stood out for their higher dry bean yield and bean index, while San Francisco Guazú stood out for its higher 100-seed mass.
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