In vitro acaricidal activity of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana against Rhipicephalus microplus
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Abstract
The tick Rhipicephalus microplus represents a sanitary and economic threat to the global cattle industry, exacerbated by the increasing resistance to chemical acaricides. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the synergistic interaction between the entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana for the in vitro biological control of this pest. An immersion bioassay was conducted using engorged females of R. microplus, distributed into four experimental groups: T1 (M. anisopliae), T2 (B. bassiana), T3 (1:1 synergistic combination), and T4 (control). Mortality was recorded over a period of 13 days. The results showed that the synergistic treatment (T3) was significantly superior (p < 0.05), achieving 100 % mortality within five days. Individually, M. anisopliae (T1) reached 100 % mortality after nine days, whereas B. bassiana (T2) achieved a final mortality of 73.33 %. No mortality was observed in the control group. Mortality data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test (p < 0.05). These findings demonstrate a strong synergistic effect between both fungi, accelerating acaricidal activity and confirming the research hypothesis. The combined application of M. anisopliae and B. bassiana is proposed as an effective and sustainable biological alternative for the integrated management of R. microplus, with potential for the development of bioacaricides capable of mitigating chemical resistance.
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