Caracterización química y evaluación de la actividad biológica de extractos de Spirulina
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
El incremento en el rendimiento y la productividad de los cultivos, sin afectar el medio ambiente, es uno de los desafíos que experimentan los agricultores en la época actual. El empleo de extractos de Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) como bioestimulante vegetal, es una de las opciones más viables a utilizar con estos fines. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue la obtención, caracterización y evaluación de la actividad biológica de algunos extractos alcohólicos de Spirulina. Para ello, se prepararon los extractos a partir de Spirulina en polvo utilizando etanol como solvente en dos concentraciones (70 y 90 %), dos relaciones masa-solvente(1:20 y 1:10) y dos tiempos de maceración (10 y 21 días) y se determinó el contenido de proteínas, fenoles y flavonoides de cada uno mediante determinaciones espectrofotométricas. La actividad biológica fue evaluada utilizando un ensayo de germinación de semillas de arroz a partir de la imbibición de semillas durante 24 h y el proceso de germinación se llevó a cabo en placas Petri con agua destilada durante siete días. Los resultados obtenidos de la caracterización química permitirán adecuar los parámetros de extracción en función de los componentes que se quieran favorecer y el efecto fisiológico que se quiera lograr, puesto que, la concentración de proteínas, fenoles y flavonoides en los extractos influyó significativamente en el porcentaje final de germinación de las semillas de arroz.
Detalles del artículo
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