Behavior of physiological variables in corn plants (Zea mayz) under controlled deficit irrigation (RDC) in stages
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Abstract
The behavior of physiological variables in corn plants (cultivar P7928) grown in semi-controlled conditions (concrete containers) and applications of controlled deficit irrigation (CDI) strategies in three stages of crop development were studied. The four treatments applied consisted of suspending irrigation for 15 days in the growth (GT), flowering (FT) and grain filling (GF) stages and a control treatment was maintained (T 100) that always received the corresponding water at 100 % of the ETc (standard crop evapotranspiration). At the end of the irrigation suspensions, the following were evaluated: soil moisture, leaf area, aerial dry mass, leaf water potential (Ψf) and its components, total soluble protein content, chlorophylls A, B, A+B and carotenes in leaves. With the application of the CDI treatments, the percentage of soil moisture decreased to 60% of the Field Capacity (C.c.). The results of the evaluations in the plants of each of the treatments (GT, FT and GF) were compared always with the control plants (T 100). Water stress negatively affected growth variables in GT and leaf area turned out to be more sensitive to stress. Regarding the values of Ψf and its components, these indicated that the plants in GF were less sensitive to the suspension of irrigation. Furthermore, water stress favored protein content and did not affect carotene content in any of the stages; while chlorophylls had greater degradation in (FT and GF) plants.
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