Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their role in agroecosystems
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Abstract
Agroecosystems are ecosystems subjected by humans to continuous modifications of their components. The relationship between biodiversity and the functioning of these ecosystems is very complex and the positive effects depend mainly on the interactions between biotic components or between biotic and abiotic components. Soil microorganisms are essential for the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems, and the relevance of soil microbial diversity for the functioning of agriculture and natural ecosystems has been identified as one of the major areas of research in current science. Within this group of microorganisms, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) represent one of the oldest and most widespread forms of symbiosis. The most recent research on AMF has broadened the context in which mycorrhizal symbiosis is viewed, placing great emphasis on its effects on plant communities and the ecosystem in general and, as a consequence of the multiple functions that AMF fulfill in the ecosystem, the number of ecological studies related to them has increased considerably in recent years. The aim of this work was to review the role of mycorrhizal relationships in their habitat.
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